How to get Net Present Value Calculator in Microsoft Excel 2010

In this article, we will learn How to get a Net Present Value Calculator in Microsoft Excel 2010.

Net Present value

The Net Present Value (NPV) returns the net present value of an investment based on periodic, constant payments and a constant interest rate.

Net present value is calculated using a discount rate (which may represent an interest rate or the rate of inflation) and a series of future payments (negative values) and income (positive values).

NPV function Syntax :

=NPV (rate, value1, value2, ….)

Arguments

Rate is the periodic discount rate over the length of the project

Value1, Value2, ……..Value n will be the value of the specific period on which calculation is based.

Value1 and Value2 are 1 to 29 arguments representing the payments and income. These value sets must be equally spaced in time and occur at the end of each period.

Let us understand more with an example:

Let’s use it in an example to understand it.

Here one amount is debited and other amounts are credited at an interest of 10%.

Use the formula in D3 cell.

=NPV(C3, A3:A7)+A2

Press Enter.

It means the net present value of the whole expense is $789.

This amount is to be debit.

Let us consider another example we have invested $100,000 in a machine.The additional cash inflows (net income + depreciation) from the machine will be $55,000, $ 65,000, and $80,000 over the next three years. Interest Rate is 6%. We want to calculate the Net Present Value (NPV)

Formula we use in cell B7 =NPV(B5,B2,B3,B4)-100000
We will get the below mentioned result

We have subtracted the Initial Investment to get the real NPV

Let us take another example

Consider an investment of $ 50,000
32,000, 35,000 & 28,000 are the figures that show the Income of the first three years respectively.
On the basis of 10% Discount Rate, we want to find out the Net Present Value (NPV)
We will enter NPV formula in cell B7=NPV(B5,B1,B2,B3,B4)
We will get the desired result
Value in cell B5 is the Discount Rate
Cell B1 is the Investment
B2, B3 & B4 show the Income for every year.

Here are some observational notes shown below.

Notes:

Type argument is not default in this function, throws an error "you've entered too few arguments for this function", If argument is not used.
The formula only works with numbers only, returns #VALUE! Error if any argument is non-numeric.
Do not use negative numbers in the argument as the formula generate #NUM! Error.
If you make monthly payments on a four-year loan at an annual interest rate of 12 percent, use rate/12 for monthly rate. Use rate directly 12%, if calculating for annual payments
If the start period < 1, end period < 1 or Start period > end period, the formula returns #NUM! Error.
Type argument other than 0 or 1, the formula returns #NUM! error.

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